The Soyuz-U was a Soviet/Russian launch vehicle that was the workhorse for delivering Progress cargo spacecraft to space.

though the Progress spacecraft itself is the spacecraft that provides supplies and has a significant role in space station resupply missions for the Salyut, Mir, and International Space Station (ISS) programs.

The Soyuz-U was a derivative of the Soyuz rocket and used for numerous cargo and satellite launches, but was largely phased out in favor of newer Soyuz models.

Purpose:

A versatile and highly reliable rocket used for various purposes, including launching satellites and supplying space stations with Progress cargo spacecraft.

History:

It was the most common rocket in the Soyuz family, built on decades of experience from the Soyuz program.

Successor:

It was eventually replaced by improved versions, such as the Soyuz-2, which could handle more advanced systems like the ST-type fairing.

Cargo Mission:

An uncrewed cargo spacecraft designed to deliver supplies such as food, water, oxygen, fuel, and spare parts to space stations like Salyut, Mir, and the ISS.

Origin:

Developed from the Soyuz spacecraft design to create a highly capable cargo carrier.

Capabilities:

It is equipped with a Kours automatic docking system for precise docking with a space station.

Importance:

Progress spacecraft were essential for enabling long-duration human stays in space by ensuring crews received necessary provisions.